Research Paper — Transparent Perovskite LEDs with Conductive Oxide Top Electrodes

PaperSetfos
Written By Fluxim AG
Figure 4c benchmarking transparent perovskite LEDs by luminance and average transmittance, highlighting this work's high-brightness and high-transparency devices.

Summary
Researchers from the University of Valencia, Seoul National University, and Fluxim report transparent perovskite LEDs that use a SnOx buffer plus pulsed laser deposited ITO as the top electrode. This approach enables record-level combined luminance around 150,000 cd m-2 for green transparent devices, while a colloidal nanocrystal design reaches around 80% average visible transmittance with CRI above 90. Fluxim's Setfos 5.5 was used to simulate optical behavior, helping explain emission balance, transmittance, and light-trapping effects.

Publication details
Authors: Michele Forzatti, Sergio Martínez-Saiz, Morena Cervino, Edoardo Stanzani, Sandra Jenatsch, Qingsen Zeng, Joo Sung Kim, Dong-Hyeok Kim, Eojin Yoon, Tae-Woo Lee, Daniel Tordera, Henk J. Bolink
Journal: Advanced Materials
Year: 2026
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202521688
PDF link: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202521688

Fluxim tools used

  • Setfos was used to simulate the full transparent PeLED stack, helping the authors interpret emission balance, cavity effects, parasitic absorption, transmittance losses, and the impact of perovskite and electrode thickness on optical performance.

Why it matters

  • Shows a scalable transparent-electrode strategy for perovskite LEDs using SnOx plus PLD ITO

  • Demonstrates two standout performance directions: very high brightness or very high transparency

  • Supports future see-through displays, lighting panels, smart windows, and other transparent optoelectronics Advanced Materials - 2026 - For…

Keywords
transparent perovskite LEDs, TrPeLEDs, conductive oxide top electrodes, ITO, pulsed laser deposition, PLD, SnOx buffer layer, transparent light-emitting diodes, perovskite nanocrystals, colloidal nanocrystals, average visible transmittance, color rendering index, green emission, optical simulation, Setfos, light outcoupling

FAQs

Q1. Which Fluxim tool was used in this paper?
Setfos 5.5 was used for optical simulations of the transparent LED stacks. Advanced Materials - 2026 - For…

Q2. What is the main technical advance?
A universal method for depositing transparent conductive oxide top electrodes on fragile perovskite LED stacks using SnOx protection plus PLD ITO. Advanced Materials - 2026 - For…

Q3. What performance stands out most?
The work reports around 150,000 cd m-2 combined luminance for green transparent devices and about 80% AVT with CRI above 90 for a highly transparent colloidal-NC design.

Fluxim AG
Next

Research Paper — Host anisotropy controls phosphorescent emitter orientation and OLED outcoupling