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Almora, O., López-Varo, P., Escalante, R., Mohanraj, J., Marsal, L. F., Olthof, S., & Anta, J. A. (2024). arXiv:2402.00439 [physics.app-ph]
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2402.00439
The paper analyzes degradation in perovskite solar cells using impedance spectroscopy, focusing on NiOx passivation. It identifies how interface treatments influence device performance, with some treatments stabilizing and others inducing degradation. Simulation tools model transport properties to understand these effects.
How Setfos Was Used
Fluxim's Setfos simulation software was employed to model the transport properties and electrical responses of passivated-NiOx perovskite solar cells. This facilitated the understanding of how modifications at the hole transport layer-perovskite interface, due to various passivation methods, impact the cells' performance and operational stability.
Thiesbrummel, J., Shah, S., Gutierrez-Partida, E. et al.
Nat Energy (2024).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01487-w
The study reveals that the dominant factor in the degradation of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under operational conditions is mobile ion-induced internal field screening, significantly reducing efficiency mainly due to current density reduction, without major bulk or interface quality degradation.
How Setfos was used
Setfos was used to simulate the impact of increasing mobile ion density on PSC performance, demonstrating that higher ion density leads to enhanced internal field screening, reducing charge extraction efficiency and contributing significantly to early degradation losses in PSCs.
C.-H. Chen, M.-H. Yu, Y.-Y. Wang, Y.-C. Tseng, I. Chao, I. Ni, B.-H. Lin, Y.-J. Lu, C.-C. Chueh,
Small 2024, 2307774.
https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202307774
This paper presents a method to significantly enhance the performance of 2D tin-based red perovskite LEDs through the use of natural antioxidants and cyclic molecular additives, particularly ascorbic acid and 18-Crown-6. These additives mitigate the oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+ and improve film quality, leading to a substantial increase in external quantum efficiency (EQE), purer color, and better bias stability. The study showcases a potential dual-additive approach for advancing 2D Sn-based perovskite LEDs towards sustainability and efficiency.
How Paios was used
Paios was utilized for comprehensive electrical characterization, including space-charge-limited current measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, capacitance-voltage analysis, and transient electroluminescence studies. These tests revealed that the additives effectively reduced trap densities and leakage currents, improved carrier transport, and enhanced charge transfer efficiency, corroborating the additives' impact on device performance and stability.
Fangfang Yuan, Yuncai Liang, Zhipeng Miao, Ting Zhang, Rudai Zhao, Sihui Peng, Yunhang Xie, Wenlong Liang, He Zhu, Pengwei Li, Yiqiang Zhang, and Yanlin Song
Chemistry of Materials 2024 36 (3), 1621-1630
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02960
This paper reports the development of highly efficient and stable 2D Dion-Jacobson perovskite solar cells using oxygen-containing diamine cations (OBEAI). These cations optimize charge transfer properties, leading to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 18.81% and outstanding stability, maintaining over 90% of initial performance after 2000 hours.
How Paios was used
Paios was used to assess the charge transport and recombination dynamics in perovskite films, highlighting improved electron transport, reduced recombination, and enhanced charge collection efficiency after OBEAI modification.
Zheng Zhang, Jiaqi Liu, Huan Bi, Liang Wang, Qing Shen, Shuzi Hayase,
Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 483, 2024, 149345, ISSN 1385-8947,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.149345.
This study achieved over 14% efficiency in highly reproducible Sn perovskite solar cells by utilizing polysilanes, particularly polymethyl-phenyl-silane (PMPS), for defect passivation and morphology improvement. The application of PMPS enhanced surface quality, grain size, and reduced Sn4+ defects, leading to significant improvements in device efficiency and stability.
How Paios was used
Paios was used to evaluate charge transport and recombination dynamics, providing insights into the improved photovoltaic performance through enhanced electron transport, reduced recombination, and increased charge collection efficiency.
Zbinden, O., Knapp, E. and Tress, W. (2024), Sol. RRL 2300999.
https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202300999
his study demonstrates how machine learning (ML) can pinpoint the parameters limiting efficiency in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by analyzing current density–voltage curves from simulated devices. Over 11,000 simulated curves, varying 20 physical parameters related to charge transport and recombination, trained ML models to classify limiting parameters with over 80% accuracy. Random Forests showed the best performance, identifying key parameters like short-circuit current density, open-circuit voltage, and fill factor as critical for predictions. Applied to real device data, the model accurately identified efficiency-limiting factors, validating the approach's utility in guiding performance improvements and understanding device behavior, particularly during degradation. This methodology promises significant time and resource savings by reducing trial-and-error in PSC optimization.
How Setfos was Used
Setfos was used to generate about 11,150 current density–voltage (J–V) curves for perovskite solar cells by systematically varying one device parameter at a time, facilitating the training of machine learning algorithms to identify performance-limiting parameters based on these simulations.
Valastro, S., Calogero, G., Smecca, E., Bongiorno, C., Arena, V., Mannino, G., Deretzis, I., Fisicaro, G., La Magna, A. and Alberti, A. (2024), Sol. RRL 2300944.
https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202300944
The research demonstrates printable carbon-based perovskite solar cells infiltrated with CsPbI3:EuCl3 outperform AVA-MAPbI3 cells, showcasing reduced hysteresis, stable efficiency under continuous light, and notable durability with multiple reusability cycles. Achieving a peak power conversion efficiency of 16.72%, the CsPbI3:EuCl3 variant emerges as a promising candidate for sustainable and efficient photovoltaic technologies, with implications for enhancing the environmental sustainability of solar energy generation
How Setfos was used
Setfos tool was utilized for 1D transient-mode electro-optical simulations of the fabricated mesoporous carbon perovskite solar cells (mC-PSCs), incorporating both anion and cation migration within the active regions. This involved simulating the charge generation profile using the transfer-matrix method, calibrated with wavelength-dependent complex refractive indices of all layers, and coupling it with a drift-diffusion charge transport solver to account for charge trapping, recombination, and ion migration. The simulations aimed to replicate the measured J–V curves' main features, with layer-specific electrical parameters calibrated based on reasonable initial values from literature.
C.-H. Chen, M.-H. Yu, Y.-Y. Wang, Y.-C. Tseng, I. Chao, I. Ni, B.-H. Lin, Y.-J. Lu, C.-C. Chueh,
Small 2024, 2307774.
https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202307774
This research explores the use of natural antioxidants as additives to improve the fabrication of environmentally friendly Sn-based perovskite films, tackling oxidation and crystallization challenges. Ascorbic acid is highlighted for its effectiveness against oxidation, and when combined with 18-Crown-6, it enhances 2D red Sn-based PeLED performance, increasing efficiency, color purity, and stability, showcasing a sustainable dual-additive approach for optoelectronic applications.
How Paios was used
Impedance and TEL to demonstrate better transport with additives.
Nguyen, H., Penukula, S., Mahaffey, M. et al. MRS Communications (2024).
https://doi.org/10.1557/s43579-023-00510-7
This study investigates how polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) affects cesium-based lead halide perovskites, focusing on phase, morphology, film stress, and ion concentration during aging. Using PVP in CsPbI3 enhances film stability by inducing compressive stress, with negligible impact on bandgap and ion behavior under aging conditions.
How Paios was used
The all in one characterization tooll, Paios, was used to analyse ion concentration with transient current measurements.
X. Zhang, J. Ràfols-Ribé, J. Mindemark, S. Tang, M. Lindh, E. Gracia-Espino, C. Larsen, L. Edman, Adv. Mater. 2024, 2310156.
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202310156
The paper by Zhang et al. investigates the decrease in emission efficiency at higher currents in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). It focuses on identifying and quantifying the major factors causing this efficiency drop, such as outcoupling efficiency and exciton quenching. The study presents a method to analyze these factors, contributing to the design of more efficient, high-luminance LEC devices.
How Setfos was used
Setfos was used for modeling in the study. This software simulated the structure of the light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) device, including various components like the glass substrate, ITO anode, active material, and Al cathode. The software modeled excitons as emissive electrical dipoles. It was particularly used for simulating the electroluminescence (EL) spectra and EL intensity to determine the position of the emissive p-n junction in the device, using a delta function exciton distribution in a transparent, non-doped active material with the wavelength-dependent refractive index of pristine Super Yellow
S. Ravishankar, L. Kruppa, S. Jenatsch, G. Yan and Y. Wang, Energy Environ. Sci., 2024,
The paper discusses a novel method for analyzing solar cell operation, focusing on perovskite solar cells (PSCs). It addresses a gap in understanding the equivalence of time-domain and frequency-domain data in solar cell analysis. The study introduces a new approach to extract a previously inaccessible time constant from frequency domain data, which correlates with charge extraction speed in transient measurements. This method is validated through simulations and experimental data, offering a more comprehensive understanding of charge carrier dynamics in solar cells, particularly regarding charge collection efficiency.
How Setfos was used
SETFOS was utilized in the paper for conducting drift-diffusion simulations. These simulations were part of the study's methodology to characterize perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using various techniques, including transient photovoltage (TPV), transient photocurrent (TPC), intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy (IMVS), intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS), and impedance spectroscopy (IS)
Lei Gao, Helin Wang, Qiang Guo, Zongtao Wang, Fan Yuan, Erjun Zhou,
Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 480, 2024, 148277, ISSN 1385-8947,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.148277.
The paper presents a novel D-A-D typed fused-ring perylene diimide (PDI)-based organic small molecule, PDTI1, as a cathode interface layer (CIL) for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). PDTI1 enhances electron transport, improves power conversion efficiency (PCE) to 24.64%, and offers better stability compared to control devices. This work demonstrates PDTI1's superiority as a CIL, providing an alternative for high-efficiency PSCs.
How Paios was used
Paios was used in the study for conducting two key tests: Transient Photocurrent (TPC) and Transient Photovoltage (TPV). These tests were performed in the dark to analyze the characteristics of the solar cells.
Sota Kikuchi, Takayuki Okamoto, Mengmeng Chen, Shen Qing, Shuzi Hayase,
Next Materials, Volume 3, 2024, 100098, ISSN 2949-8228,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxmate.2023.100098.
The paper presents a study on improving the efficiency of lead-free ASnI2Br perovskite solar cells using phenyltrihydrosilane (PhSiH3) passivation. This passivation effectively reduces Sn4+ and creates a hydrophobic surface, enhancing the solar cells' efficiency from 3.65% to 5.50%. The process involves passivating the film surface with PhSiH3 solution, which decreases Sn4+ concentration on the perovskite film surface and makes the surface hydrophobic, resulting in better contacts with the C60 layer. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of PhSiH3 treatment in enhancing solar cell performance.
How Paios was used
Paios was utilized specifically for impedance measurement and analysis. This all-in-one characterization tool helped the researchers in assessing the electrical properties of the perovskite solar cells, which is crucial for understanding and enhancing their performance.
hunyan Lu, Xiaodong Li, Haobo Yuan, Wenxiao Zhang, Xuemin Guo, Acan Liu, Hui Yang, Wen Li, Zhengbo Cui, YuYang Hu, Junfeng Fang,
Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 480, 2024, 147267, ISSN 1385-8947,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.147267
The paper introduces a back-surface field in inverted CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells using 4-Imidazoleethylamine (4-IEA) treatment to improve efficiency and stability. The treatment upshifts the Fermi level at the CsPbI3 surface, creating an extra back-surface field that aligns with the built-in potential of the solar cells. This alignment reduces energy loss and facilitates electron extraction at the CsPbI3/electron transporting layer interface. Additionally, 4-IEA passivates interfacial defects due to its Lewis base-acid interaction with CsPbI3. The result is a power conversion efficiency of 20.22% and good operational stability, retaining over 70% efficiency after 200 hours at 65℃.
How Paios was used
Paios was employed for transient photocurrent decay (TPC) and transient photovoltage (TPV) decay measurements. These measurements were crucial in understanding the dynamic charge transport process in the solar cells. The TPC and TPV results demonstrated a significant reduction in non-radiative recombination and improved charge transport efficiency in the cells treated with 4-IEA, contributing to the overall improved performance of the solar cells.
Munkhtuul Gantumur et al 2024 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 63 015501
The study in "Japanese Journal of Applied Physics" by Munkhtuul Gantumur et al. explores the use of vacuum-deposited PbI2 to enhance the quality of perovskite films in solar cells. This method significantly improves the film's quality compared to spin-coated PbI2, leading to higher power conversion efficiency and better thermal stability in perovskite solar cells. Vacuum-deposited PbI2 results in uniform, pinhole-free films, facilitating efficient intercalation of MAI and the formation of high-quality MAPbI3 perovskite layers. This method also reduces ion migration, contributing to the improved performance and stability of the solar cells.
How Paios was used
Paios was used for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to examine the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This technique provided insights into the electrical properties of the cells, such as resistance and capacitance, which are crucial for understanding and improving their performance.
Elkhouly, K., Goldberg, I., Zhang, X. et al.
Nat. Photon. (2024).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-023-01341-7
Imec's research, published in Nature Photonics, details the creation of a perovskite LED stack that dramatically outshines conventional OLEDs.
The team used Setfos to analyze and optimize the light interactions within the perovskite structure. This approach significantly enhanced the LED's brightness and efficiency. The breakthrough paves the way for high-intensity, thin-film perovskite lasers with potential applications in medical diagnostics, environmental sensing, and advanced imaging, heralding a new era in optoelectronic devices. Setfos was instrumental in achieving the precise architecture needed for this revolutionary leap in light-emitting technology.
Md. Abdul Karim, Kiyoto Matsuishi, Md. Emrul Kayesh, Yulu He, and Ashraful Islam
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2023 15 (39), 45823-45833
This paper discusses the improvement of FASnI3 perovskite solar cells' reproducibility and stability by incorporating 4F-PHCl, a reductive molecule, in the perovskite precursor solution. 4F-PHCl enhances the solution's stability, prevents Sn2+ oxidation, and improves the films' crystallinity and stoichiometry, resulting in a power conversion efficiency of 10.86%.
How Paios was used
PAIOS was used to measure transient photovoltage and photocurrent decays, shedding light on charge carrier dynamics and demonstrating improved charge transport and reduced recombination in 4F-PHCl-treated devices.
Xin Zhang, Stijn Eurelings, Andrea Bracesco, Wenya Song, Stijn Lenaers, Wouter Van Gompel, Anurag Krishna, Tom Aernouts, Laurence Lutsen, Dirk Vanderzande, Mariadriana Creatore, Yiqiang Zhan, Yinghuan Kuang, and Jef Poortmans
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2023 15 (40), 46803-46811
This paper investigates enhancing perovskite solar cells' efficiency and stability using bi-TPAI surface modulation. It significantly improves power conversion efficiency and operational stability by passivating surface defects and facilitating charge extraction.
How Paios was used
Paios was employed for transient photocurrent and photovoltage measurements, revealing optimized charge dynamics and reduced recombination, which contribute to the observed performance improvements.
H. Bi, J. Liu, Z. Zhang, L. Wang, G. Kapil, Y. Wei, A. Kumar Baranwal, S. Razey Sahamir, Y. Sanehira, D. Wang, Y. Yang, T. Kitamura, R. Beresneviciute, S. Grigalevicius, Q. Shen, S. Hayase, Adv. Sci. 2023, 10, 2304790. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202304790
This paper investigates enhancing the efficiency and stability of MA-free perovskite solar cells using a ferrocene derivative (DBzFe) additive. The additive improves film quality, passivates defects, and inhibits ion migration, achieving a high power conversion efficiency of 23.53%.
How Paios was used
Paios was utilized for Mott-Schottky analysis and temperature-dependent c-f curves, providing insights into charge carrier dynamics, energy barriers for ion migration, and the benefits of DBzFe in improving device performance and stability.
G. Yu, Y. Huang, D. Khan, Y. Sui, S. Wang, X. Yang, W. Zhou, K. Chang, J. Tang, W. Chen, P. Han, Z. Tang, Small 2023, 2307219. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202307219
The paper explores the impact of embedding RbPbI3 seeds in PbI2 substrates to tailor the facet orientation and crystallization kinetics of perovskites, improving the performance and durability of perovskite solar cells.
How Paios was used
Paios was used for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, revealing enhanced carrier dynamics and reduced non-radiative recombination in seed-processed films, contributing to the cells' high efficiency and long-term stability.
Sasiphapa Rodbuntum, Nuttaya Sukgorn, Narong Chanlek, Hideki Nakajima, Nopporn Rujisamphan, Pipat Ruankham, Duangmanee Wongratanaphisan, Anusit Kaewprajak, and Pisist Kumnorkaew
ACS Applied Energy Materials 2023 6 (20), 10364-10375
The paper addresses enhancing perovskite solar cells' performance and stability using a dual interfacial tin-oxide layer with chloride salt. It achieved a high power conversion efficiency and remarkable operational stability over 2400 hours.
How Paios was used
Paios was utilized for electrical and optical characterization, particularly for electrical impedance spectroscopy and intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy measurements, providing insights into charge transport and recombination dynamics at the device interfaces.
Li, Z., Chen, Z., Shi, Z. et al. Nat Commun 14, 6441 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41929-9
This paper focuses on enhancing the performance and response speed of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) by engineering the charge injection at the organic-inorganic heterointerfaces. They introduced a self-assembled monolayer to improve interface robustness, passivate interfacial traps, and align energy levels.
How Paios was used
Paios was used to study the transient photo-voltage and photocurrent responses, revealing improved charge injection and transport properties, which significantly enhanced the device's efficiency and response speed.
Q. Wang, H. Zhu, Y. Tan, J. Hao, T. Ye, H. Tang, Z. Wang, J. Ma, J. Sun, T. Zhang, F. Zheng, W. Zhang, H. W. Choi, W. C. H. Choy, D. Wu, X. W. Sun, K. Wang. Adv. Mater. 2023, 2305604.
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202305604
The paper demonstrates a spin quantum dot light-emitting diode (spin-QLED) using 2D chiral perovskite as a spin injection layer based on the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, enabling spin-dependent carrier transport. It operates at room temperature and zero magnetic field, achieving circularly polarized electroluminescence (CP-EL) with an asymmetric factor of 1.6 × 10^-2. The work highlights the potential of chiral materials in spintronics and quantum-based devices.
How Setfos was used
Setfos simulation was used to analyze the recombination center and carrier recombination rate distribution in the device, providing insights into the performance and guiding future improvements.
Bandgap Tunable Perovskite for Si-Based Triple Junction Tandem Solar Cell: Numerical Analysis-Aided Experimental Investigation
Jia-Ci Jhou, Ashish Gaurav, Hsin-Ting Lin, and Ching-Fuh Lin
ACS Applied Energy Materials 2023 6 (18), 9434-9445
Researchers developed a new technique to fabricate perovskite absorbing layers for multijunction solar cells, achieving a record power conversion efficiency of 26.4%. This technique involves a double-sided sandwich evaporation process that allows for precise control over the halide ratio and B-site doping of the perovskite absorber layers. The resulting triple-junction tandem solar cell exhibits significantly higher efficiency than previous designs.
How Setfos was used.
theoretical insight for the optimal perovskite thickness was gained using Setfos by taking into account the reflection of the bottom cell, so the thickness of the top layers could be reduced.
Warby, J., Shah, S., Thiesbrummel, J., Gutierrez-Partida, E., Lai, H., Alebachew, B., Grischek, M., Yang, F., Lang, F., Albrecht, S., Fu, F., Neher, D., Stolterfoht, M.,
Adv. Energy Mater. 2023, 2303135.
https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202303135
This research addresses the discrepancy between open-circuit voltages (VOC) and internal voltages in perovskite solar cells, often attributed to non-radiative recombination losses. The study extends classical theories from silicon solar cells to explain the mismatch through partial resistances/conductivities of carrier types. It also reveals how mobile ions in perovskite cells contribute to this mismatch, explaining phenomena like light soaking and aging-induced VOC losses. These insights offer new perspectives on degradation issues and guide principles for optimizing VOC to enhance perovskite solar cell performance.
How Setfos was used
Band diagram simulation of perovskite cells with ions
Rohit D. Chavan, Bartłomiej Bończak, Joanna Kruszyńska, Apurba Mahapatra, Muhammad Ans, Jan Nawrocki, Kostiantyn Nikiforow, Pankaj Yadav, Jan Paczesny, Faranak Sadegh, Muhittin Unal, Seckin Akin, and Daniel Prochowicz
Chemistry of Materials 2023 35 (19), 8309-8320
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01995
This study introduces a novel azahomofullerene (AHF-4) as an interlayer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), enhancing charge transfer and film quality while reducing recombination. AHF-4 outperforms the standard fullerene derivative PCBM, achieving higher efficiency (21.43%) and better stability under light and heat, promising advancements in PSC performance and durability.
How Litos Lite and Litos were used
The photovoltaic performance was evaluated using a Fluxim Litos Lite setup, equipped with a Wavelabs Sinus LS2 solar simulator with AM 1.5 spectrum for excitation.
Aging tests were also performed using a Fluxim Litos setup, and 1 Sun equivalent illumination with no UV component, holding the substrates at 45 ± 5 °C in a N2 atmosphere and using an MPP tracking algorithm.
Moritz C. Schmidt, Emilio Gutierrez-Partida, Martin Stolterfoht, and Bruno Ehrler
PRX Energy 2, 043011 – Published 13 November 2023
https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXEnergy.2.043011
This study reveals that analyzing capacitance transients in perovskite solar cells is more complex than previously thought. It demonstrates that the direction of these transients is influenced by the cell's layer dominating capacitance modulation, not by the polarity of migrating species. This highlights the significant role of transport layers in characterizing mobile ions in perovskites.
Setfos was used
To investigate the role of the polarity of mobile ions in capacitance measurements the researchers simulated the behavior of the capacitance as a function of time after a voltage pulse. The Drift-Diffusion module in Setfos was used to simulate the capacitance transients.
Jinno, H., Shivarudraiah, S. B., Asbjörn, R., Vagli, G., Marcato, T., Eickemeyer, F. T., Pfeifer, L., Yokota, T., Someya, T., Shih, C.-J.,
. Adv. Mater. 2023, 2304604.
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202304604
This research presents a breakthrough in ultrathin, flexible skin optoelectronics for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Traditional issues like underperformance due to low polymer process temperatures and spectral distortion from bending are overcome using solution-processed perovskite semiconductors. The study introduces high-efficiency perovskite solar cells and LEDs on polymer films with exceptional thermal stability, achieving record efficiencies (18.2% for solar cells, 15.2 cd A−1 for LEDs) and bending-resistant light emission. This advancement enables reliable, high-performance, self-powered wearables and IoT sensors, demonstrating practical applications such as accurate pulse monitoring at a high selectivity rate.
How Setfos Was used
Finite element analysis for ultraflexible LED was simulated with the Setfos emission module. By expecting the dipole emission model of LED, the module allows to deliver emission spectra of ultraflexible LED with different angle.
Zhang, Z., Wang, L., Bi, H., Baranwal, A. K., Kapil, G., Sanehira, Y., Liu, J., Liu, D., Shen, Q., Hayase, S.,
Adv. Optical Mater. 2023, 2300962.
https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202300962
To enhance the efficiency of tin halide perovskite solar cells (PKSCs), researchers addressed defects like Sn4+ and iodide vacancies by introducing copper iodide (CuI) doping. A preprocessing method for CuI improved perovskite layer quality, resulting in efficiency increases from 9.8% to 13.1% for P-I-N structures and 9.4% to 10.5% for hole transport layer (HTL)-free structures. These doped tin-PKSCs also exhibited improved stability, retaining 75% of their initial power conversion efficiency after 102 days of storage.
How Paios was used
Intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy (IMVS), Intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy (IMPS), Transient photovoltaic voltage (TPV), and Transient photovoltaic current (TPC) were carried out via PAIOS software.
Lin-jie Yang, Wenye Xuan, David Webster, Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma, Teng Li, David N. Miller, David B. Cordes, Alexandra M. Z. Slawin, Graham A. Turnbull, Ifor D. W. Samuel, Hsin-Yi Tiffany Chen, Philip Lightfoot, Matthew S. Dyer, and Julia L. Payne
Chemistry of Materials 2023 35 (10), 3801-3814
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c03125
This study demonstrates the tunability of organic-inorganic metal halides through anion substitution, incorporating bromine into [H3N(CH2)6NH3]PbBr4 to create [H3N(CH2)6NH3]PbBr4·Br2. This inclusion of molecular bromine leads to a reduced band gap, structural phase transition, and improved carrier mobility. The key to this manipulation is the formation of halogen bonds between Br2 and Br in the [PbBr4]∞ layers. This work opens possibilities for tuning electronic properties in layered organic-inorganic perovskites and represents the first example of molecular bromine inclusion in such a material.
How Paios was used
The current−voltage measurements were carried out using the all-in-one characterization platform Paios, Fluxim AG, Switzerland. The voltage scan range used was 0−9 V.
Our tutorial “Characterization Techniques for Perovskite and Organic Solar Cells” can help also understanding all the optoelectrical characterizations that can be performed on a solar cell.
